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The Royal National Park, colloquially the Nasho or the Royal, is a protected national park that is located south of Sydney, New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The national park is situated approximately south of the Sydney central business district near the localities of , , and . Founded by Sir John Robertson, Acting Premier of New South Wales, and formally proclaimed on 26 April 1879, it is the world's second oldest surviving purposed national park (after Yellowstone in the United States),〔http://www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/royal-national-park/〕〔http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/nationalparks/parkhome.aspx?id=N0030〕〔Mark A. Hamilton,Brad R.Murray, Marc W. Cadotte, Grant C. Hose,Andrew C. Baker, Carla J. Harris, Damian Licar. 2005 "Life-history correlates of plant invasiveness at regional and continental scales" Ecology Letters 8: 1066–1074〕〔Kim Allen Scott, 2011 "Robertson’s Echo The Conservation Ethic in the Establishment of Yellowstone and Royal National Parks" Yellowstone Science 19:3〕 and the first to use the term "national park" in Australia. Its original name was ''National Park'', but it was renamed in 1955 after Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia passed by in the train on the way from Wollongong during her 1954 tour. It could be argued that the Royal is the oldest gazetted national park because Yellowstone's original gazetting was "public park or pleasuring ground".〔(The Act ) approved by the Forty Second Congress on 1 March 1872 set aside certain lands as a "public park or pleasuring ground". At the time Congress approved the Act, the said lands were not referred to as 'national park,' rather 'public Park or pleasuring ground'. Since the lands of Royal National Park were proclaimed as "National Park" on 26 April 1879, Royal National Park is the oldest national park establish under statute law.〕 The park was added to the Australian National Heritage List in December 2006.〔 ==Overview== The park includes the settlements of Audley, Maianbar and Bundeena. There was once a railway line connected to the Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line but this closed and was converted to a heritage tramway operated by the Sydney Tramway Museum in Loftus. Audley can be accessed by road, from Loftus, Waterfall or Otford, and there are several railway stations (Loftus, Heathcote, Waterfall, Helensburgh and Otford) on the outskirts of the park. Bundeena and Maianbar can also be accessed by road through the park or by the passenger ferry service from Cronulla. There are numerous cycling and walking trails, barbecue areas and picnic sites throughout the park. Over 100 kilometres of walking tracks take in a wide range of scenery. Cycling is allowed on some fire trails and only on specially marked tracks within the Park.〔((2010) NPWS Discovery Tours and available activities "Wild Wild World" ).〕 The specially marked mountain biking tracks are bi-directional; care should be taken when traversing these trails. A fee of $11.00 applies when taking a car into the Park. The most popular walk is the Coast Walk, which skirts the park's eastern edge and delivers exceptional coastal scenery. It is a 30 kilometre track, involving walking from Bundeena to Otford, or vice versa. It's recommended that walkers allow 2 days for the walk. This walk is often done as part of the Duke of Edinburgh's Award. The Wallumarra Track (Wallumarra is an Aboriginal word for education/protect) was constructed in 1975 to meet the growing need for Environmental Education and as a supplement to the park's walking track system. The park is intensely used for environmental education by schools, TAFEs, universities and other groups. The park has been burnt in bushfires on several occasions, most notably in 1939, 1994 and in the 2001 Black Christmas fires. Australian native bush naturally regenerates after bushfires and as of 2008 few signs of these fires remain visible. In times of extreme fire danger the parks service might close the park to ensure visitor safety. There are camping sites at Bonnie Vale, North Era and Wattamolla. These are the only places where camping is permitted within the park, and they are regulated with a booking/registration system, which requires pre-booking a site. The park charges a vehicle access fee, but is free for people on foot.〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Royal National Park」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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